The House "Zur Gilgen" and its Gothic Round Tower

When you stand at Schwanenplatz in Lucerne, you will notice a special building right away: the house “Zur Gilgen” with its round tower. It stands at Kapellplatz 1, between the River Reuss and Schwanenplatz — right in the heart of the old town.


A medieval tower becomes a stone house

Long ago, a wooden defence tower stood here as part of Lucerne’s city walls. After it burned down in 1505, Melchior Zur Gilgen built today’s stone house and tower between 1507 and 1510. It is the oldest surviving stone house in Lucerne.


Melchior Zur Gilgen was a soldier, military leader, and diplomat. He died of malaria in 1519 on his way home from a pilgrimage to Jerusalem and was buried on Rhodes.


Zur Gilgen House and Baghard Tower, Martini Plan 1597

Special features of the building

 The house is built in the late Gothic style. Many details once had a practical use:


  • Stepped gable
    A tall roof wall that helped stop the spread of fires.
  • Gothic windows
    Decorative grouped windows shaping the façade.
  • Gun slits in the tower
    The wide openings at the bottom are firing slits. They were built for early firearms. The reason they are so low today is simple: the tower once stood directly at the water of the Reuss River.  From there, the guards could shoot low across the river to hit attacking boats at the waterline.
  • Chapel inside the tower
    With a beautiful Gothic vaulted ceiling.
  • Very steep roofs
    Typical for Gothic architecture — symbolically “pointing to heaven.”


The house also contains the oldest private library in Switzerland still preserved in its original location.


Zur Gilgen House and Tower, Schwanenplatz Lucerne


Changing times

Over the centuries, the building had many uses:

  • 1732: renovated in Baroque style
  • 1830–1836: residence of the Pope’s ambassador
  • Later: a guesthouse — even Victor Hugo stayed here


For many generations, the house was kept inside the Zur Gilgen family through a special legal tradition.


Today

Since 2013, the building belongs to the Foundation “Haus und Turm Gilgen.”  This helps preserve the house for the future — and one day it may be opened to the public.


Details on the tower

Loop-holes, a Biforium, and Lewis Holes, Zur Gilgen Tower
  • Twin window (biforium):
    Gives the tower an elegant, historic look and shows it was also used for living.
  • Gun slits:
    The wide openings at the bottom are firing slits.  They were built for early firearms.
    The reason they are so low today is simple: the tower once stood directly at the water of the Reuss River. From there, the guards could shoot low across the river to hit attacking boats at the waterline.
  • Stone-lifting marks:
    Small holes show where lifting tools held the heavy stones.


Above the entrance, you can see the Zur Gilgen family coat of arms, decorated with two female figures.

Schiessscharten, ein Biforium und Zangenlöcher, Zur Gilgen Turm

Sources (all in German)


Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (HLS):
“Zur Gilgen, Melchior.”
https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/014132/2014-02-24/
“Zur Gilgen (Family).”
https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/articles/022219/2015-11-17/


Christian Hodel: “Fehlende Erben – Stiftung sorgt nun für Zurgilgenhaus", Luzerner Zeitung, 22. Mai 2015
https://www.luzernerzeitung.ch/zentralschweiz/luzern/stadt-luzern-fehlende-erben-stiftung-sorgt-nun-fuer-zurgilgenhaus-ld.8857


Wikipedia: “Haus Zur Gilgen.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haus_Zur_Gilgen


Also drawing on my own research.


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